児がNICUに入院中の母乳育児支援に対する母親の思いに関する文献レビュー

Abstract

目的: 児がNICUに入院中の母乳育児支援やNICU環境に対する母親の思いを、関連する文献から整理し、母乳育児が継続できる支援の方策を検討する。方法: 医中誌Web、PubMed、CINAHLを用いて、キーワードから質的研究の文献検索を行った。対象12文献から、児がNICUに入院中の母親への支援に関する母親の思いを分析した。結果: 【母親役割を認めてもらいたい】【周囲に支えられる】【励ましや気遣いによる苦しみ】【家族の母乳育児への関心が必要】【孤独を感じる】【専門的な支援が必要】【周囲からの情報が役に立つ】【情報が交錯し、不安になる】【リラックスして搾乳したい】の9のカテゴリが抽出された。結論: 1.児がNICUに入院中の母親の母親役割肯定に、周囲の母乳育児支援や関わりが影響していた。2.母親の家庭状況や価値観、文化的背景によって、母乳育児支援や授乳環境の受け取り方が異なっていた。3.医療者からの母乳育児必要性の情報に混乱する思いが抽出され、情報提供方法の改善と母親自身の情報リテラシーの重要性が示唆された。

Objective: This study aimed to examine support measures for continuing breastfeeding by analyzing excerpts from the literature on mothers' feelings about breastfeeding support while their child is in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and about the NICU environment. Methods: Ichushi Web, PubMed, and CINAHL were used to conduct a literature search of qualitative research based on key words. The 12 papers found were analyzed for mothers' feelings about support for breastfeeding while their child is in the NICU. Results: Nine categories were identified: "Mothers want others to recognize maternal role" ; "Mothers are supported from others" ; "Mothers suffer due to encouragement and concern from others" ; "Mothers need their family members' interest in the breastfeeding" ; "Mothers feel lonely" ; "Mothers feel they need professional support" ; "Information obtained from other people is useful to mothers" ; "Mothers become anxious when information is mixed" ; and "Mothers want to breast pump in relaxed." Conclusions: 1) Support and care from other people has a large influence on the continuation of breastfeeding by mothers whose child is in the NICU. 2) Mothers perceived the same breastfeeding support and breastfeeding environment differently depending on their home situation, values, and cultural background. 3) Examples of mothers feeling confused by information about the need for breastfeeding from medical professionals were extracted from the literature, which suggests the importance of improving how information is provided and the importance of mothers' own information literacy.