「登校拒否」現象に関与する環境要因の検討

Abstract

As reported in the previous paper, an analytical study of the growth environment of children refusing to attend school revealed the involvement of school refusing-inducing factors associated with the family environment (K factors) and those associated with the school environment (G factors) in the occurrence of children's refusal to attend school. The four specific factors included a weak father-child relationship, a weak mother-child relationship, a deficiency of companionship and a conflicting situation originating from school. In the present study, subjects who had at some time refused to attend school were studied to examine whether or not these four factors were necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of children's refusal to attend school, and family, school and district environments were analyzed in connection with these four factors. Also investigated was future orientation as to prevention and treatment of school refusal on the basis of case-by-case course observation. The results are as follows : 1) In all cases examined, all the four factors mentioned above were involved in the occurrence of school refusal. 2) The school refusal phenomenon is induced by synergistic effects of family, school and district environments, which are determined by socioeconomic conditions. 3) From prophylactic and therapeutic points of view, it is essential to improve family, school and district environments for elimination or relaxation of the above-mentioned 4 factors.